HEDY LAMARR
HEDY LAMARR
Admin Paz Kas. 23, 2008 4:30 pm
HEDY LAMARR
MG][/URL] 
Hedy Lamarr (November 9, 1913 – January 19, 2000) was an Austrian-born American actress and scientist. Though known primarily for her acting, she also co-invented an early form of spread spectrum communications technology, a key to modern wireless communication.
http://hedy-lamarr.com/
http://www.hedylamarr.at/indexe.html
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Born Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler
November 9, 1913(1913-11-09)
Vienna, Austria
Died January 19, 2000 (aged 86)
Orlando, Florida
Years active 1930 - 1958
Spouse(s) Fritz Mandl (1933-1937)
Gene Markey (1939-1941)
John Loder (1943-1947)
Teddy Stauffer (1951-1952)
W. Howard Lee (1953-1960)
Lewis J. Boies (1963-1965)
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Early life & career in Europe
Lamarr was born as Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, the daughter of Jewish parents Gertrud (née Lichtwitz), a pianist and Budapest native who came from the "Jewish haute bourgeoisie", and Lemberg-born Emil Kiesler, a successful bank director. She studied ballet and piano. When working with Max Reinhardt in Berlin, he called her the "most beautiful woman in Europe". Soon, the teenage girl played major roles in German movies, alongside stars like Heinz Rühmann and Hans Moser.
In early 1933, she starred in Gustav Machatý's notorious film Ecstasy, a Czechoslovak film made in Prague, in which she played a love-hungry young wife of an indifferent old husband. Closeups of her face in orgasm, and long shots of her running nude through the woods, gave the film notoriety.
On 10 August 1933 she married Friedrich Mandl, a Vienna-based arms manufacturer, 13 years her senior. The Austrian fascist bought up as many copies of the film as he could possibly find, as he objected to her nudity and "the expression on her face". (Lamarr later claimed the looks of passion were the result of the director poking her in the bottom with a safety pin.) He prevented her from pursuing her acting career, and instead took her to meetings with technicians and business partners. In these meetings, the mathematically-talented Lamarr learned about military technology. Otherwise, she had to stay at castle Schwarzenau. She later related that even though Mandl was part-Jewish, he was consorting with Nazi industrialists which infuriated her. In 1937, she convinced Mandl to allow her to attend a party wearing all her expensive jewelry, later drugged him with the help of her maid, and made her escape out of the country with the jewelry.
Movie career in Hollywood
First she went to Paris, then met Louis B. Mayer in London. After he hired her, at his insistence she changed her name to Hedy Lamarr, choosing the surname in homage to a beautiful film star of the silent era, Barbara LaMarr, who had died in 1926 from a drug overdose.
in Boom Town (1940)In Hollywood, she was usually cast as glamorous and seductive. Her American debut was in Algiers (1938). Her many films include Boom Town (1940), White Cargo (1942), and Tortilla Flat (1942), based on the novel by John Steinbeck. White Cargo, one of Lamarr's biggest hits at MGM, contains arguably her most famous film quote, "I am Tondelayo". In 1941, she was cast alongside two other Hollywood beauties, Lana Turner and Judy Garland in the musical extravaganza Ziegfeld Girl.
She made 18 films 1940-1949 even though she had two children during that time (1945, 1947). She left MGM in 1945; Lamarr enjoyed her biggest success as Delilah in Cecil B. DeMille's Samson and Delilah, the highest-grossing film of 1949, with Victor Mature as the Biblical strongman. However, following her comedic turn opposite Bob Hope in My Favorite Spy (1951), her career went into decline. She appeared only sporadically in films after 1950, one of her last roles being that of Joan of Arc in Irwin Allen's critically panned epic The Story of Mankind (1957).
The publication of her autobiography Ecstasy and Me (1967) took place about a year after accusations of shoplifting, and a year after Andy Warhol's short film Hedy (1966), also known as The Shoplifter. The controversy surrounding the shoplifting charges coincided with an aborted return to the screen in Picture Mommy Dead (1966). The role was ultimately filled by Zsa Zsa Gabor.
In the ensuing years, Lamarr retreated from public life, and settled in Florida. She returned to the headlines in 1991 when the 78 year old former actress was again accused of shoplifting, although charges were eventually dropped.
Lamarr became a naturalized citizen of the United States on April 10, 1953.
For her contribution to the motion picture industry, Hedy Lamarr has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6247 Hollywood Blvd.
Frequency-hopped spread spectrum invention
Avant garde composer George Antheil, a son of German immigrants and neighbor of Lamarr, had experimented with automated control of instruments. Together, he and Lamarr submitted the idea of a Secret Communication System in June 1941. On 11 August 1942, U.S. Patent 2,292,387 was granted to Antheil and "Hedy Kiesler Markey", Lamarr's married name at the time. This early version of frequency hopping used a piano roll to change between 88 frequencies and was intended to make radio-guided torpedoes harder for enemies to detect or jam.
The idea was ahead of its time, and not feasible due to the state of mechanical technology in 1942. It was not implemented in the USA until 1962, when it was used by U.S. military ships during a blockade of Cuba, after the patent had expired. Neither Lamarr nor Antheil (who died in 1959) made any money from the patent. Perhaps due to this lag in development, the patent was little-known until 1997, when the Electronic Frontier Foundation gave Lamarr an award for this contribution.
Lamarr's and Antheil's frequency-hopping idea serves as a basis for modern spread-spectrum communication technology, such as COFDM used in WiFi network connections and CDMA used in some cordless and wireless telephones. Similar patents had been granted to others earlier, like in Germany in 1935 to Telefunken engineers Paul Kotowski and Kurt Dannehl who also received U.S. Patent 2,158,662 and U.S. Patent 2,211,132 in 1939 and 1940.
Lamarr wanted to join the National Inventors Council, but she was told that she could better help the war effort by using her celebrity status to sell War Bonds. She once raised $7,000,000 at just one event.
Death
Lamarr died in Altamonte Springs, Florida (near Orlando) on January 19, 2000. Her son Anthony Loder took her ashes to Vienna and spread them in the Wienerwald, according to her wishes.
Legacy
In 1998, a vector illustration of Lamarr's face was used by Corel Corporation on the packaging and in the publicity for its CorelDRAW 8 software. Lamarr retained Attorney Michael McDonnell and sued Corel for damages relating to unauthorized use of her likeness. The case was resolved in 1999 and settled out of court for an undisclosed sum, under terms that allowed Corel five years of exclusive rights to the image.
In 2003, the Boeing corporation ran a series of recruitment ads featuring Hedy Lamarr as a woman of science. No reference to her film career was made in the ads.
In 2005, the first Inventor's Day in German-speaking countries was held in her honor on November 9, on what would have been her 92nd birthday.
Dr. Kleiner, a fictional scientist in Valve Software's acclaimed game Half Life 2, has a pet headcrab that he names in her honor.
Marriages
Briefly engaged to the German actor, Fred Doederlein and later, actor George Montgomery in 1942, Lamarr was married to:
Friedrich Mandl (1900–1977), married 1933–37; chairman of Hirtenberger Patronen-Fabrik, a leading armaments firm founded by his father, Alexander Mandl. Mandl, partially of Jewish descent, was a supporter of Austrofascism, although not Nazism.
Gene Markey (1895-1980), screenwriter and producer, married 1939–41; son (adopted in 1941, after their divorce), James Lamarr Markey (b. 1939). When Lamarr and Markey divorced — she claimed they had only spent four evenings alone together in their marriage — the judge advised her to get to know any future husband longer than the four weeks she had known Markey.
John Loder (born John Muir Lowe, 1898–1988), actor, married 1943–47; two children: Anthony Loder (b. 1947) and Denise Loder (b. 1945). Loder adopted Hedy's son, James Lamarr Markey, and gave him his surname. James Lamarr Loder later challenged Hedy Lamarr's will in 2000, which did not mention him. He later dropped his suit against the estate in exchange for a lump-sum payment of $50,000. Anthony Loder is featured in the European documentary film Calling Hedy Lamarr (2004).
Ernest "Ted" Stauffer (1909-1991), nightclub owner, restaurateur, and former bandleader, married 1951–52.
W. Howard Lee (1909–1981), a Texas oilman, married 1953–60. In 1960, he married film star Gene Tierney.
Lewis J. Boies (b. 1920), a lawyer, married 1963–65.
Filmography
Das Geld liegt auf der Straße (Money on the Street, 1930)
Die Frau von Lindenau (Storm in a Water Glass, 1931)
Die Abenteuer des Herrn O. F. (The Trunks of Mr. O. F., 1931)
Man braucht kein Geld (We Need No Money, 1932)
Ekstase / Symphonie der Liebe (Ecstasy, 1933)
Algiers (1938)
Hollywood Goes to Town (1938) (short subject)
Screen Snapshots: Stars at a Charity Ball (1939) (short subject)
Lady of the Tropics (1939)
I Take This Woman (1940)
Boom Town (1940)
Comrade X (1940)
Come Live with Me (1941)
Ziegfeld Girl (1941)
H.M. Pulham, Esq. (1941)
Tortilla Flat (1942)
Crossroads (1942)
White Cargo (1942)
Show Business at War (1943) (short subject)
The Heavenly Body (1944)
The Conspirators (1944)
Experiment Perilous (1944)
Her Highness and the Bellboy (1945)
The Strange Woman (1946)
Dishonored Lady (1947)
Let's Live a Little (1948)
Samson and Delilah (1949)
A Lady Without Passport (1950)
Copper Canyon (1950)
My Favorite Spy (1951)
The Eternal Female (1954) (unfinished)
Loves of Three Queens (1954)
The Story of Mankind (1957)
The Female Animal (1958)
Personal life
In 1965 Lamarr made headlines for being arrested for shoplifting; charges were eventually dropped. This situation played out again in 1991.
According to her autobiography, Ecstasy and Me (1966) , once while running away from Friedrich Mandl, she slipped into a brothel and hid in an empty room. While her husband searched the brothel, a man entered the room and she had sex with him so she could remain hidden. She was finally successful in escaping when she hired a new maid who resembled her; she drugged the maid and used her uniform as a disguise to escape. Lamarr later sued the publisher claiming that many of the anecdotes in the book, which was described by a judge as "filthy, nauseating, and revolting", were fabricated by its ghost writer, Leo Guild.
In an interview included in the DVD release of Blazing Saddles (1974) , Mel Brooks claims that Hedy Lamarr threatened to sue the producers. He says she believed the film's running "Hedley Lamarr" joke infringed her right of publicity. In one scene, one character even warns another that Hedy would sue. Brooks says they settled out of court for a small sum.
MG][/URL] Hedy Lamarr (November 9, 1913 – January 19, 2000) was an Austrian-born American actress and scientist. Though known primarily for her acting, she also co-invented an early form of spread spectrum communications technology, a key to modern wireless communication.
http://hedy-lamarr.com/
http://www.hedylamarr.at/indexe.html
[img]
[/img]Born Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler
November 9, 1913(1913-11-09)
Vienna, Austria
Died January 19, 2000 (aged 86)
Orlando, Florida
Years active 1930 - 1958
Spouse(s) Fritz Mandl (1933-1937)
Gene Markey (1939-1941)
John Loder (1943-1947)
Teddy Stauffer (1951-1952)
W. Howard Lee (1953-1960)
Lewis J. Boies (1963-1965)
[img]
[/img][img][/img]Early life & career in Europe
Lamarr was born as Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, the daughter of Jewish parents Gertrud (née Lichtwitz), a pianist and Budapest native who came from the "Jewish haute bourgeoisie", and Lemberg-born Emil Kiesler, a successful bank director. She studied ballet and piano. When working with Max Reinhardt in Berlin, he called her the "most beautiful woman in Europe". Soon, the teenage girl played major roles in German movies, alongside stars like Heinz Rühmann and Hans Moser.
In early 1933, she starred in Gustav Machatý's notorious film Ecstasy, a Czechoslovak film made in Prague, in which she played a love-hungry young wife of an indifferent old husband. Closeups of her face in orgasm, and long shots of her running nude through the woods, gave the film notoriety.
On 10 August 1933 she married Friedrich Mandl, a Vienna-based arms manufacturer, 13 years her senior. The Austrian fascist bought up as many copies of the film as he could possibly find, as he objected to her nudity and "the expression on her face". (Lamarr later claimed the looks of passion were the result of the director poking her in the bottom with a safety pin.) He prevented her from pursuing her acting career, and instead took her to meetings with technicians and business partners. In these meetings, the mathematically-talented Lamarr learned about military technology. Otherwise, she had to stay at castle Schwarzenau. She later related that even though Mandl was part-Jewish, he was consorting with Nazi industrialists which infuriated her. In 1937, she convinced Mandl to allow her to attend a party wearing all her expensive jewelry, later drugged him with the help of her maid, and made her escape out of the country with the jewelry.
Movie career in Hollywood
First she went to Paris, then met Louis B. Mayer in London. After he hired her, at his insistence she changed her name to Hedy Lamarr, choosing the surname in homage to a beautiful film star of the silent era, Barbara LaMarr, who had died in 1926 from a drug overdose.
in Boom Town (1940)In Hollywood, she was usually cast as glamorous and seductive. Her American debut was in Algiers (1938). Her many films include Boom Town (1940), White Cargo (1942), and Tortilla Flat (1942), based on the novel by John Steinbeck. White Cargo, one of Lamarr's biggest hits at MGM, contains arguably her most famous film quote, "I am Tondelayo". In 1941, she was cast alongside two other Hollywood beauties, Lana Turner and Judy Garland in the musical extravaganza Ziegfeld Girl.
She made 18 films 1940-1949 even though she had two children during that time (1945, 1947). She left MGM in 1945; Lamarr enjoyed her biggest success as Delilah in Cecil B. DeMille's Samson and Delilah, the highest-grossing film of 1949, with Victor Mature as the Biblical strongman. However, following her comedic turn opposite Bob Hope in My Favorite Spy (1951), her career went into decline. She appeared only sporadically in films after 1950, one of her last roles being that of Joan of Arc in Irwin Allen's critically panned epic The Story of Mankind (1957).
The publication of her autobiography Ecstasy and Me (1967) took place about a year after accusations of shoplifting, and a year after Andy Warhol's short film Hedy (1966), also known as The Shoplifter. The controversy surrounding the shoplifting charges coincided with an aborted return to the screen in Picture Mommy Dead (1966). The role was ultimately filled by Zsa Zsa Gabor.
In the ensuing years, Lamarr retreated from public life, and settled in Florida. She returned to the headlines in 1991 when the 78 year old former actress was again accused of shoplifting, although charges were eventually dropped.
Lamarr became a naturalized citizen of the United States on April 10, 1953.
For her contribution to the motion picture industry, Hedy Lamarr has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6247 Hollywood Blvd.
Frequency-hopped spread spectrum invention
Avant garde composer George Antheil, a son of German immigrants and neighbor of Lamarr, had experimented with automated control of instruments. Together, he and Lamarr submitted the idea of a Secret Communication System in June 1941. On 11 August 1942, U.S. Patent 2,292,387 was granted to Antheil and "Hedy Kiesler Markey", Lamarr's married name at the time. This early version of frequency hopping used a piano roll to change between 88 frequencies and was intended to make radio-guided torpedoes harder for enemies to detect or jam.
The idea was ahead of its time, and not feasible due to the state of mechanical technology in 1942. It was not implemented in the USA until 1962, when it was used by U.S. military ships during a blockade of Cuba, after the patent had expired. Neither Lamarr nor Antheil (who died in 1959) made any money from the patent. Perhaps due to this lag in development, the patent was little-known until 1997, when the Electronic Frontier Foundation gave Lamarr an award for this contribution.
Lamarr's and Antheil's frequency-hopping idea serves as a basis for modern spread-spectrum communication technology, such as COFDM used in WiFi network connections and CDMA used in some cordless and wireless telephones. Similar patents had been granted to others earlier, like in Germany in 1935 to Telefunken engineers Paul Kotowski and Kurt Dannehl who also received U.S. Patent 2,158,662 and U.S. Patent 2,211,132 in 1939 and 1940.
Lamarr wanted to join the National Inventors Council, but she was told that she could better help the war effort by using her celebrity status to sell War Bonds. She once raised $7,000,000 at just one event.
Death
Lamarr died in Altamonte Springs, Florida (near Orlando) on January 19, 2000. Her son Anthony Loder took her ashes to Vienna and spread them in the Wienerwald, according to her wishes.
Legacy
In 1998, a vector illustration of Lamarr's face was used by Corel Corporation on the packaging and in the publicity for its CorelDRAW 8 software. Lamarr retained Attorney Michael McDonnell and sued Corel for damages relating to unauthorized use of her likeness. The case was resolved in 1999 and settled out of court for an undisclosed sum, under terms that allowed Corel five years of exclusive rights to the image.
In 2003, the Boeing corporation ran a series of recruitment ads featuring Hedy Lamarr as a woman of science. No reference to her film career was made in the ads.
In 2005, the first Inventor's Day in German-speaking countries was held in her honor on November 9, on what would have been her 92nd birthday.
Dr. Kleiner, a fictional scientist in Valve Software's acclaimed game Half Life 2, has a pet headcrab that he names in her honor.
Marriages
Briefly engaged to the German actor, Fred Doederlein and later, actor George Montgomery in 1942, Lamarr was married to:
Friedrich Mandl (1900–1977), married 1933–37; chairman of Hirtenberger Patronen-Fabrik, a leading armaments firm founded by his father, Alexander Mandl. Mandl, partially of Jewish descent, was a supporter of Austrofascism, although not Nazism.
Gene Markey (1895-1980), screenwriter and producer, married 1939–41; son (adopted in 1941, after their divorce), James Lamarr Markey (b. 1939). When Lamarr and Markey divorced — she claimed they had only spent four evenings alone together in their marriage — the judge advised her to get to know any future husband longer than the four weeks she had known Markey.
John Loder (born John Muir Lowe, 1898–1988), actor, married 1943–47; two children: Anthony Loder (b. 1947) and Denise Loder (b. 1945). Loder adopted Hedy's son, James Lamarr Markey, and gave him his surname. James Lamarr Loder later challenged Hedy Lamarr's will in 2000, which did not mention him. He later dropped his suit against the estate in exchange for a lump-sum payment of $50,000. Anthony Loder is featured in the European documentary film Calling Hedy Lamarr (2004).
Ernest "Ted" Stauffer (1909-1991), nightclub owner, restaurateur, and former bandleader, married 1951–52.
W. Howard Lee (1909–1981), a Texas oilman, married 1953–60. In 1960, he married film star Gene Tierney.
Lewis J. Boies (b. 1920), a lawyer, married 1963–65.
Filmography
Das Geld liegt auf der Straße (Money on the Street, 1930)
Die Frau von Lindenau (Storm in a Water Glass, 1931)
Die Abenteuer des Herrn O. F. (The Trunks of Mr. O. F., 1931)
Man braucht kein Geld (We Need No Money, 1932)
Ekstase / Symphonie der Liebe (Ecstasy, 1933)
Algiers (1938)
Hollywood Goes to Town (1938) (short subject)
Screen Snapshots: Stars at a Charity Ball (1939) (short subject)
Lady of the Tropics (1939)
I Take This Woman (1940)
Boom Town (1940)
Comrade X (1940)
Come Live with Me (1941)
Ziegfeld Girl (1941)
H.M. Pulham, Esq. (1941)
Tortilla Flat (1942)
Crossroads (1942)
White Cargo (1942)
Show Business at War (1943) (short subject)
The Heavenly Body (1944)
The Conspirators (1944)
Experiment Perilous (1944)
Her Highness and the Bellboy (1945)
The Strange Woman (1946)
Dishonored Lady (1947)
Let's Live a Little (1948)
Samson and Delilah (1949)
A Lady Without Passport (1950)
Copper Canyon (1950)
My Favorite Spy (1951)
The Eternal Female (1954) (unfinished)
Loves of Three Queens (1954)
The Story of Mankind (1957)
The Female Animal (1958)
Personal life
In 1965 Lamarr made headlines for being arrested for shoplifting; charges were eventually dropped. This situation played out again in 1991.
According to her autobiography, Ecstasy and Me (1966) , once while running away from Friedrich Mandl, she slipped into a brothel and hid in an empty room. While her husband searched the brothel, a man entered the room and she had sex with him so she could remain hidden. She was finally successful in escaping when she hired a new maid who resembled her; she drugged the maid and used her uniform as a disguise to escape. Lamarr later sued the publisher claiming that many of the anecdotes in the book, which was described by a judge as "filthy, nauseating, and revolting", were fabricated by its ghost writer, Leo Guild.
In an interview included in the DVD release of Blazing Saddles (1974) , Mel Brooks claims that Hedy Lamarr threatened to sue the producers. He says she believed the film's running "Hedley Lamarr" joke infringed her right of publicity. In one scene, one character even warns another that Hedy would sue. Brooks says they settled out of court for a small sum.
En son Admin tarafından Perş. Mart 22, 2012 4:10 am tarihinde değiştirildi, toplamda 1 kere değiştirildi
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- Mesaj Sayısı : 5221
Kayıt tarihi : 27/01/08 -
Geri: HEDY LAMARR
Admin Paz Kas. 23, 2008 4:42 pm
Ayşe ÖZEK KARASU
Hollywood bombasının müthiş icadı
akarasu@hurriyet.com.tr
Haber, Kadınlar Günü ertesinde Hürriyet'in birinci sayfasında çıktı. Kadın mucitler arasında Hollywood afetlerinden Hedy Lamarr'ın da adı geçiyordu.
Lamarr, cep telefonunun geliştirilmesinde önemli rol oynamıştı. Lamarr bu işi, Hitler ve Mussolini için silah sistemleri geliştiren ilk kocasının iş toplantılarına katılması sayesinde başarmış. ABD'ye kaçtıktan sonra, Alman denizaltılarına atılan torpillerin radyo frekanslarının kırılmasını önleyen gizli bir sistem geliştirmiş, patentini de almış. Bu icat, bugün uydu haberleşmesinin temelini oluşturuyor.
Kışkırtıcı bir güzelliğin arkasından çıkan serüvenli yaşam öyküsü o kadar şaşırtmıyor da, kadının ‘‘o güzel başını’’ icatlara yorması insanı hayretlere düşürüyor.
Kendi cinsime hakaret olduğunu biliyorum ama, Hedy Lamarr gibi haksızlık derecesinde güzel bir kadının mucit olması fikri hayret verici geliyor.
Küçükken, 1940'lardan kalma fotoğraflarına hayranlıkla baktığım Hedy Lamarr bir mucit. Ve bunu kadının artık yaşamadığı bir yüzyılda öğreniyoruz. Lamarr, 19 Ocak 2000'de 85 yaşında öldü.
Altı koca değiştiren, Ecstasy adlı filmde çıplak yüzdüğü için Amerika ve Avrupa çapında sansasyon yaratan, filmi yasaklanan, hayatındaki en önemli güdünün seks olduğunu söyleyen, İkinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında Amerikalı askerlerin poster kızı olan Lamarr, torpillerin uzaktan kumandası için farklı frekanslardan işleyen gizli bir telekomünikasyon sistemi geliştirmiş olsun! Ve bu sistem günümüzde cep telefonlarının dinlenmesini engellesin, uydu teknolojisinin, uzaktan kumanda mekanizmasının temelini oluştursun. İnanılır gibi değil.
HİTLER ELİMİ ÖPERDİ
Asıl adı, Hedy Lamarr değil, Eva Marie Kiesler. Zengin bir bankacı ailenin kızı olarak Viyana'da dünyaya geliyor. Henüz 17 yaşındayken çevirdiği filmle hemen dikkat çekiyor, ilk evliliğini Avusturya'nın önde gelen silah imalatçılarından Fritz Mandl ile yapıyor ve böylece diktatörler çevresine giriyor. Çünkü Bay Mandl sinema yıldızı değil, sadece kendisinin yıldızı olsun diye karısını hiç yanından ayırmıyor, iş toplantılarına da götürüyor. ‘‘Ecstasy and Me’’ başlığını taşıyan otobiyografisinde Lamarr, ‘‘Hitler elimi öperdi, Mussolini iskemlemi tutardı’’ diye yazıyor.
Teknik toplantılara da katılıyor, hayli mühimmat bilgisi ediniyor. Hatta bu toplantılardan birinde torpillerin radyo sinyalleriyle yönlendirilmesi fikri aklına geliyor, ancak radyo frekansının kolaylıkla tespit edilebileceğini düşünüyor.
Sonra da kocasına karşı ilgisini yitiriyor, Nazilere yapılan silah satışlarından da rahatsız oluyor. Bunun üzerine kıskanç koca evdeki uşaklara muhafızlık görevi veriyor. 1937'de, Mandl'ın seyahatte olduğu bir gün Hedy, hizmetçisinin kahvesine uyku ilacı karıştırıp, hizmetkarlardan birinin üniformasını giyiyor ve trene atladığı gibi Londra'nın yolunu tutuyor.
Orada film yapımcısı Louis B. Mayer ile tanışıyor, MGM ile haftada 500 dolarlık anlaşma imzalıyor, Hedy Lamarr adını alıyor ve ver elini Amerika. Hollywood'da Spencer Tracy ve Clark Gable gibi aktörlerle başrol paylaşıyor. Bu arada çok talihsiz bir karar alarak, Casablanca için yapılan teklifi geri çeviriyor. Eleştirmenlere bakılırsa iyi de oluyor. Çünkü Hedy Lamarr o aşırı güzelliğine karşın son derece yeteneksiz bulunuyor.
ZENGİN ERKEKLERLE EVLENDİ
Lamarr'ın, 1940 yılında Amerikalı avangard besteci George Antheil ile tanışması, uzaktan kumandalı torpil sisteminin geliştirilmesine büyük katkıda bulunuyor. İkili birlikte piyano çalarken çakan bir şimşekle, Lamarr'ın silah, Antheil'ın senkronize nota bilgisi bir araya geliyor ve icat ortaya çıkıyor.
Lamarr hep zengin erkeklerle evleniyor, iki de çocuğu oluyor. Ancak her nedense 40'lı yaşlarında parası tükeniyor. 1966'da 10 bin dolara bir rol kapıyor. Yaşlanan bir divayı canlandırması isteniyor. Derken Florida'da bir dükkandan bir çift terlik çalarken yakalanıyor. Açılan dava düşüyor ama, bu arada film teklifi de uçup gidiyor.
Oynadığı son büyük film 1949 yılında gişe rekorları kıran Samson ve Dalilah oluyor. Victor Mature'ün Samson rolünü oynadığı film ticari açıdan başarılı olsa da bir oyunculuk harikası olmadığı kesin. Yönetmen Cecil B. DeMille, film vizyona girmeden önce Groucho Marx'ı projeksiyon odasına çağırıp fikrini sorduğunda, bizim Arşak Palabıyıkyan ‘‘Bence bu film iş yapmaz’’ diyor. DeMille ‘‘Neden?’’ diye sorunca da şu yanıtı veriyor: ‘‘Çünkü roller ters olmuş. Victor Mature'ün memeleri, Hedy Lamarr'ınkilerden daha büyük.’’
Yıldızla piyanist Hitler'e karşı
Askeri teknoloji alanında çalışan mühendisler 1930'ların ortalarından beri torpillerin güdüm sistemiyle ilgili sorunu çözmeye çalışıyordu. O günlerde torpillerin hedefe isabet oranı çok düşüktü. Bir kez fırlatıldıktan sonra rotalarını korumak kolay olmuyordu. Hedefe tam isabet için çok fazla sayıda torpil atılması gerekiyordu. Torpilin radyo sinyalleriyle yönlendirilmesi mümkündü, ancak bu sefer de tek frekans üzerinden giden sinyalin yakalanması çok kolaydı.
Hedy Lamarr, Hitler'e karşı verilen savaşa katkıda bulunmak için yanıp tutuşuyordu. Müttefik denizaltılarının Hitler'in denizaltıları karşısında avantajlı konuma gelmesini istiyordu. Ve besteci George Antheil ile kafa kafaya vererek güdüm sistemi sorununu çözdü. Birlikte piyano çalarken Lamarr, çok sayıda frekans üzerinden işleyen bir güdüm sistemi fikrini ortaya attı. Daha önce Ballet Mecanique filmine, 16 piyano için farklı notalarla senkronize müzik yazan Antheil, bu deneyimden yola çıkarak, piyano üzerindeki tuşlara bağlı 88 frekanslık bir sistem geliştirdi. Sinyal tek bir frekans yerine, birinden diğerine atlayarak gidiyordu. Böylece sadece alıcı ile vericinin bildiği programın üzerindeki frekanslar arasında giden sinyalin kırılması mümkün olmuyordu.
İkili, 11 Ağustos 1942'de 2.292.387 sayılı patenti aldı. Ancak bu buluş İkinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında hiç kullanılmadı ve Lamarr ile Antheil patent hakkını 1957'de kaybettiler.
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Kayıt tarihi : 27/01/08 -
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